在Debian系统下，sqlplus是Oracle数据库的命令行工具，用于管理和操作Oracle数据库。以下是sqlplus命令的使用方法：

连接到数据库连接到本地数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba

连接到远程数据库

sqlplus username/password@//hostname:port/service_name

例如：

sqlplus scott/tiger@//remotehost:1521/orcl

连接到特定服务

sqlplus username/password@service_name

例如：

sqlplus scott/tiger@orcl

基本操作查看当前用户

SELECT USER FROM DUAL;

查看数据库版本

SELECT * FROM V$VERSION;

查看表空间信息

SELECT * FROM DBA_TABLESPACES;

查看用户权限

SELECT * FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'YOUR_USERNAME';

创建表

CREATE TABLE employees (employee_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,first_name VARCHAR2(50),last_name VARCHAR2(50),email VARCHAR2(100));

插入数据

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, email) VALUES (1, 'John', 'Doe', 'john.doe@example.com');

查询数据

SELECT * FROM employees;

更新数据

UPDATE employees SET email = 'john.newemail@example.com' WHERE employee_id = 1;

删除数据

DELETE FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;

删除表

DROP TABLE employees;

创建视图

CREATE VIEW employee_names AS SELECT first_name, last_name FROM employees;

创建索引

CREATE INDEX idx_employee_last_name ON employees(last_name);

创建存储过程

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_employee(p_first_name IN VARCHAR2, p_last_name IN VARCHAR2) AS BEGIN INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name) VALUES (p_first_name, p_last_name); END; /

调用存储过程

BEGIN add_employee('Jane', 'Smith'); END; /

其他有用的命令查看帮助

HELP

设置环境变量

SET PAGESIZE 14SET LINESIZE 80

查看当前会话的 SQL 历史

SELECT * FROM V$SQL;

查看当前会话的锁

SELECT * FROM V$LOCK;